Enhanced CO2 Capture of Poly(amidoamine)-Modified Graphene Oxide Aerogels with the Addition of Carbon Nanotubes.

Innovative dendrimer-modified graphene oxide (GO) aerogels are reported by employing generation 3.0 poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimer and a combined synthesis approach based on the hydrothermal method and freeze-casting followed by lyophilization. The properties of modified aerogels were investigated with the dendrimer concentration and the addition of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in varying ratios. Aerogel properties were evaluated via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The obtained results indicated a strong correlation of the N content with the PAMAM/CNT ratio, where optimum values were revealed. The CO2 adsorption performance on the modified aerogels increased with the concentration of the dendrimer at an appropriate PAMAM/CNT ratio, reaching the value of 2.23 mmol g-1 at PAMAM/CNT ratio of 0.6/0.12 (mg mL-1). The reported results confirm that CNTs could be exploited to improve the functionalization/reduction degree in PAMAM-modified GO aerogels for CO2 capture.

The Incorporation of Low-Molecular Weight Poly(Mannitol Sebacate)s on PLA Electrospun Fibers: Effects on the Mechanical Properties and Surface Chemistry.

We offer a report on the synthesis of low-molecular weight biobased poly(mannitol sebacate) (PMS) and its functionalization with acrylate groups (PMSAc). These synthesized polyesters were blended at a low level (10 wt%) with poly (lactic acid) PLA to prepare aligned fibers by electrospinning, coupled with a rotatory collector. The obtained fibers were extensively studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXS), employing synchrotron radiation. The incorporation of the PMSs on the PLA fibers did not significantly affect the fiber diameters, whereas the alignment was almost maintained. The crystallinity and thermal properties were also slightly modified with the addition of PMSs, and an increase in the degree of crystallinity and in the glass transition temperature of the blend compared to PLA was observed. Remarkably, the PLA/PMSs fibers were more ductile due to the elastomeric character of PMS, with higher values of elongation at break and tensile strengths, and a smaller Young modulus in comparison with the PLA fibers. These modifications of the properties were more noticeable in the case of the acrylated PMS, which also provided readily available functional groups at the surface for further chemical reactions, such as the Michael addition or crosslinking processes.

Enhanced Antibacterial Activity through Silver Nanoparticles Deposited onto Carboxylated Graphene Oxide Surface.

The strong bactericidal action of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) is usually limited by their degree of aggregation. Deposition of AgNPs onto a graphene oxide (GO) surface to generate GO-Ag hybrids has been shown to be an effective method of controlling these aggregation problems. In this sense, a novel carboxylated graphene oxide-silver nanoparticle (GOCOOH-Ag) material has been synthesized, and their antibacterial and biofilm formation inhibitions have been studied. AgNPs decorating the GOCOOH surface achieved an average size of 6.74 ± 0.25 nm, which was smaller than that of AgNPs deposited onto the GO surface. In addition, better distribution of AgNPs was achieved using carboxylated material. It is important to highlight the main role of the carboxylic groups in the nucleation and growth of the AgNPs that decorate the GO-based material surface. In vitro antibacterial activity and antibiofilm-forming action were tested against Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis) and Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli). Both GO-Ag and GOCOOH-Ag reduced bacterial growth, analyzed by time-kill curves. However, the minimum inhibitory concentration and the minimum bactericidal concentration of GOCOOH-Ag were lower than those of GO-Ag for all strains studied, indicating that GOCOOH-Ag has better antibacterial activity. In addition, both nanomaterials prevent biofilm formation, with a higher reduction of biofilm mass and cell viability in the presence of GOCOOH-Ag. The carboxylation functionalization in GO-based materials can be applied to improve the bactericidal and antibiofilm-forming action of the AgNPs.

Arthroscopic surgery for femoroacetabular impingement has limited effect in patients with Tönnis grade-2 at 4-year follow-up.

INTRODUCTION: This study evaluated intraoperative findings and outcomes in Tönnis grade-2 patients after hip arthroscopy and compared these results with patients with Tönnis grade-0 and grade-1. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective cohort study of patients undergoing hip arthroscopy between January 2013 and December 2017. Patients were divided into either Tönnis grade-2, grade-1, and grade-0 osteoarthritis groups. Labral and chondral status were evaluated. Radiographic analysis, modified Harris hip score (mHHS), a self-administered Hip Outcome Score (HOS) questionnaire, with activity of daily living (ADL) and sports subscale (SSS), and a self-administered short version of the International Hip Outcome Tool (IHOT-12) were assessed at 6, 12 months, and then yearly. Clinical meaningful outcomes were measured with the minimal clinical important difference (MCID), patient acceptable symptom state (PASS), and substantial clinical benefit (SCB) for mHHS, HOS-ADL and HOS-SSS, and IHOT-12. RESULTS: A total of 264 hip arthroscopic procedures met the inclusion criteria. There were 38 patients Tönnis grade-2, 91 patients Tönnis grade-1, and 135 patients Tönnis grade-0. Mean follow-up was 48.7 months in Tönnis grade-2 group, 48.6 months in Tönnis grade-0 group, and 48.1 months in Tönnis grade-1 group. Tönnis grade-2 patients had more extensive rim chondral damage, and a higher rate of labral debridement was performed in this group. There were no statistically significant differences in preoperative PROs among the groups. Tönnis grade-2 group had statistically significant improvement in mHHS, but not in HOS-AVD, HOS-SSS and IHOT-12. Between T1 and T2 groups there were no statistically significant differences in outcomes. Lower significant percentage values of Tönnis grade-2 patients achieved MCID, PASS, and SCB threshold. CONCLUSION: Improvements in PROs and rates of achieving clinical meaningful outcomes were limited for patients with Tönnis grade-2 after HA at 4-year follow-up. The outcomes of the Tönnis grade-2 cohort deteriorate over mid-term follow-up. Our results could be used in orthopedic practice to inform patients about the limited role of hip arthroscopy as a joint preservation procedure in these selected patients. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Cohort study, level 3.

Radiographic measurements have limited effect in dynamic plantar pressures in hallux valgus patients.

PURPOSE: Radiographic measurements are the gold standard in the management for preoperative surgical planning of hallux valgus deformity. Plantar pressure technology is a tool that is not commonly used to evaluate and manage hallux valgus patients, and few studies have reported the correlation of plantar pressure measurements and radiography. METHODS: A prospective cohort study was designed to analyze plantar pressure measurements and radiographic variables. The inclusion criteria were age over 18 years old, and diagnosis of hallux valgus requesting surgical correction because of discomfort, pain or difficulty with shoe wear. Plantar pressure measurements were performed using a platform. Radiographic data were obtained according to the guidelines of the AOFAS Committee on Angular Measurements. RESULTS: A total of 114 patients met the inclusion criteria. Mean age of the patients was 50 years, and 94 patients (82.5%) were women. We found significant correlations between dynamic plantar pressure measurements and HVA, DMAA, and MDA. Mean pressure under third metatarsal head was the most associated plantar pressure measurement with hallux valgus angle and metatarsal declination angle. However, this association showed signs of weakness. CONCLUSION: Hallux valgus angle and metatarsal declination angle had a minimal influence on plantar-loading parameters. Pressure values did not discriminate the magnitude of HV deformity. Others factors responsible for the observed plantar pressures pattern should be addressed.

Significant improvement after hip arthroscopy for femoroacetabular impingement in women.

PURPOSE: This study was designed to evaluate outcomes in women after hip arthroscopy (HA) for femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS) and compare these results with men. METHODS: Retrospective study of a prospective database of patients undergoing hip arthroscopy between 2015 and 2018. Inclusion criteria were patients between 18 and 50 years of age, diagnosis of FAIS, complete clinical patient-reported outcomes (PROs), radiographic measurements, and underwent at least a 2-year HA follow-up. For each woman, two men underwent HA were matched in a 1:2 ratio based on age within 5 years, and date of surgery within 6 months. Diagnostic arthroscopy was performed to evaluate labral and chondral status. Radiographic evaluation, a self-administered Hip Outcome Score (HOS) questionnaire, with activity of daily living (ADL) and sports subscale (SSS), and a self-administered short version of the International Hip Outcome Tool (iHOT-12) were assessed at 6 months, 12 months, and then yearly. Clinical relevance was measured with the minimal clinical important difference (MCID), patient acceptable symptom state (PASS), and substantial clinical benefit (SCB) for HOS-ADL, HOS-SSS, and iHOT-12. RESULTS: One hundred and eighty-five patients met the inclusion criteria. Fifty-two women were matched with 104 men. Significant differences in terms of demographics, radiographic results, intraoperative findings and arthroscopic procedures were found between women and men. Mean follow-up was 48.4 months in women and 50.2 months in men. Both groups showed significant improvement from preoperative PROs to the latest follow-up. There were no significant differences between groups in preoperative PROs, latest follow-up PROs and PROs improvements. The difference in frequency of patients achieving MCID, PASS, and SCB was only significant greater for iHOT-12 PASS in women compared with men. CONCLUSION: Significant improvements in PROs in women after HA for FAIS at 4-year follow-up were found. Differences between women and men in PROs and rates of achieving MCID, SCB and PASS were only significant for iHOT-12 PASS. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: IV.

Hydrothermal-Freeze-Casting of Poly(amidoamine)-Modified Graphene Aerogels towards CO2 Adsorption.

This article presents novel poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimer-modified with partially-reduced graphene oxide (rGO) aerogels, obtained using the combined solvothermal synthesis-freeze-casting approach. The properties of modified aerogels are investigated with varying synthesis conditions, such as dendrimer generation (G), GO:PAMAM wt. ratio, solvothermal temperature, and freeze-casting rate. Scanning electron microscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy are employed to characterize the aerogels. The results indicate a strong correlation of the synthesis conditions with N content, N/C ratio, and nitrogen contributions in the modified aerogels. Our results show that the best CO2 adsorption performance was exhibited by the aerogels modified with higher generation (G7) dendrimer at low GO:PAMAM ratio as 2:0.1 mg mL-1 and obtained at higher solvothermal temperature and freeze-casting in liquid nitrogen. The enclosed results are indicative of a viable approach to modify graphene aerogels towards improving the CO2 capture.

Hallux valgus with and without metatarsalgia in women: a matched-cohort study of plantar pressure measurements.

BACKGROUND: Few previous studies focused on plantar loading patterns in HV patients with metatarsalgia. Are there any differences in plantar pressure measurements in women with HV with and without metatarsalgia? METHODS: A prospective matched-cohort study was designed to analyze plantar pressure measurements in women with HV with and without metatarsalgia from January 2017 to December 2019. The inclusion criteria were age over 18 years old, women, diagnosis of HV with metatarsalgia. Control group had the same inclusion criteria, except metatarsalgia. Patient-reported outcomes scores included American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society Score (AOFAS), and Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Radiographic data were obtained according to the guidelines of the AOFAS Committee on Angular Measurements. Plantar pressure measurements were performed using a platform. RESULTS: Forty-seven patients met the inclusion criteria. An age-, BMI-, and hallux valgus angle-matched cohort of 47 patients were also selected. There were no statistically significant differences in demographic data and radiographic assessment. HV with metatarsalgia group showed greater values in peak and mean force, peak and mean pressure, and pressure-time integral under toes and metatarsal heads. These differences reached statistically significant in mean force (p = 0.009) and peak force (p = 0.003) under T1; mean pressure (p = 0.01) and peak pressure (p = 0.04) under T1; and mean force (p = 0.003) under MH1. The binary logistic regression analysis showed mean force under T1 as the most associated plantar pressure measurement with the presence of metatarsalgia. C-statistic was 0.66. Mean force > 35 N had a 70% of sensitivity and a 57% of specificity as a cut-off value for the presence of metatarsalgia. CONCLUSION: HV patients with metatarsalgia had greater values in plantar pressure measurements. Mean force under T1 could be used as a plantar pressure measurement to predict metatarsalgia.

Diffusivity and free anion concentration of ionic liquid composite polybenzimidazole membranes.

In this article, PBI composite membranes containing the ionic liquid (IL) 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (BMIM-NTf2) at 1, 5, 10, 20 and 50 wt% (named PBI-IL-x) have been prepared by a casting method. The internal morphology of the membranes was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), revealing that the incorporation of IL promotes the formation of porous channels. Thermal and mechanical stability was confirmed by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and tensile test measurements. The ionic transport through membranes was analysed by means of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), showing a dependence on the IL loading, reaching a highest conductivity value of 1.8 × 10-2 S cm-1 for the PBI-IL-50 membrane at 160 °C. The experimental results showed a Vogel-Fulcher-Tammann (VFT) type relation for the ionic conductivity with temperature and the calculated activation energies suggest that ionic conduction in the films can occur by both hopping and vehicle-type mechanisms. Eyring's absolute rate theory was also used to obtain activation enthalpy and entropy from the temperature dependence of the conductivity. Diffusivity and free ion number density were obtained by means of electrode polarization analysis to obtain more insight into the conduction in these composite membranes. Finally, the Debye length was calculated and related to both transport parameters.

Arthroscopic management with labral preservation, femoral osteoplasty, and capsular plication in patients with borderline hip dysplasia. Results of a matched-cohort study at minimum two year follow-up.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to assess intra-operative findings, surgical procedures, and outcomes in a cohort of patients with borderline hip dysplasia treated with arthroscopic labral repair, femoral osteoplasty, and capsular plication, and compare these outcomes with those of a rigorously matched control group without dysplasia. METHODS: Data were prospectively collected and retrospectively reviewed for patients with a lateral center-edge angle between 20 and 24° who underwent hip arthroscopy surgery between 2014 and 2018. Labral, chondral status, psoas impingement, ligamentum teres, and cam morphology were evaluated. Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) scores included modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS), Hip Outcome Score Activities of Daily Living Subscale (HOS-AVD) and Hip Outcome Score Sport-Specific Subscale (HOS-SSS), and International Hip Outcome Tool-12 (IHOT-12). Clinical relevance was measured with the minimal clinical important difference (MCID), patient acceptable symptom state (PASS), and substantial clinical benefit (SCB). RESULTS: Twenty patients met the inclusion criteria. An age- and sex-matched control group of 40 patients was also selected. Arthroscopic intra-operative findings were similar between cohorts. At a mean follow-up of 50 months in the borderline hip dysplasia cohort, and 52 months in the control cohort, there was a significant improvement in PROs in both cohorts, and no significant differences could be detected at the latest follow-up. The difference in frequency of patients achieving the MCID, PASS, and SCB was not statistically significant between cohorts. CONCLUSION: With strict patient selection criteria, hip arthroscopy may be a beneficial approach in patients with borderline hip dysplasia.

Recreational Sports and Intra-articular Hip Injuries in Patients Undergoing Hip Arthroscopy for Femoroacetabular Impingement.

PURPOSE: We aimed to determine the relationship between recreational sports and intra-articular hip injuries in an active population that had undergone hip arthroscopy for femoroacetabular impingement syndrome. METHODS: A retrospective review was performed of prospectively collected data from patients undergoing hip arthroscopy between January 2015 and December 2016. Inclusion criteria included patients between 18 and 50 years of age who had participated in recreational sports prior to surgery and had a minimum of a 2-year follow-up. Labral injury was evaluated using the Multicenter Arthroscopic Hip Outcome Research Network classification, and rim chondral injuries were evaluated using the Acetabular Labral Articular Disruptions system. Ligamentum teres tear and psoas impingement were also recorded. Sports were classified as rotational running (soccer, basketball, handball), flexibility (martial arts, dance), asymmetric-overhead (racquet), or endurance (running, swimming, cycling). Primary univariate analysis of sports' independent associations, demographic characteristics, intra-articular hip injuries, and outcomes was performed. RESULTS: Patients included 185 people with a mean age of 36.7 years. Patients participating in rotational running sports and flexibility sports had a significantly greater proportion of rim chondral injuries than those participating in endurance sports or asymmetric overhead sports (P = 0.02). Ligamentum teres tears were significantly associated with flexibility sports (P < 0.001). A total of 84.7%, 67.7%, 67.2%, and 71.2% of patients met minimal clinically important difference levels for the modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS), the Hip Outcome Score (HOS)10 questionnaire with activities of daily living (HOS-ADL), the sports subscale (HOS-SSS), and the International Hip Outcome Tool (iHOT-12), respectively; 94.9%, 66.2% and 62.7% met the patient acceptable symptom state for mHHS, HOS-ADL, and HOS-SSS, respectively; 86.7%, 48.5%, 47.8%, and 32.4% found substantial clinical benefit for mHHS, HOS-ADL, HOS-SSS, and iHOT-12, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Rotational running sports were significantly associated with rim chondral injuries. Flexibility sports were significantly associated with rim chondral injuries and ligamentum teres tears. Athletes participating in these sports are more likely to have intra-articular hip injuries than those in the other sports categories. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level IV, prognostic case series.

Effect of Varying Amine Functionalities on CO2 Capture of Carboxylated Graphene Oxide-Based Cryogels.

Graphene cryogels synthesis is reported by amine modification of carboxylated graphene oxide via aqueous carbodiimide chemistry. The effect of the amine type on the formation of the cryogels and their properties is presented. In this respect, ethylenediamine (EDA), diethylenetriamine (DETA), triethylenetetramine (TETA), were selected. The obtained cryogels were characterized by Fourier Transformed Infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray spectroscopy, and Scanning electron microscopy. The CO2 adsorption performance was evaluated as a function of amine modification. The results showed the best CO2 adsorption performance was exhibited by ethylenediamine modified aerogel, reaching 2 mmol g-1 at 1 bar and 298 K. While the total N content of the cryogels increased with increasing amine groups, the nitrogen configuration and contributions were determined to have more important influence on the adsorption properties. It is also revealed that the residual oxygen functionalities in the obtained cryogels represent another paramount factor to take into account for improving the CO2 capture properties of amine-modified graphene oxide (GO)-based cryogels.

Topical tranexamic acid in cemented primary total knee arthroplasty without tourniquet: a prospective randomized study.

PURPOSE: Tranexamic acid (TXA) has been shown to be effective in reducing blood loss after total knee replacement. The purpose of this study was to prospectively assess the effectiveness of topical TXA use, to reduce blood loss after primary total knee replacement without tourniquet, and to compare these outcomes with a control group that did not receive tranexamic acid. METHODS: This is a prospective, randomized study to assess the effect of a 2-g topical tranexamic acid in 50 mL physiological saline solution in total knee replacement without tourniquet and drain. Primary outcomes were total blood loss. Secondary outcomes were hemoglobin and hematocrit level, hemoglobin and hematocrit drop, transfusion rates, length of hospital stay, deep vein thrombosis, and pulmonary embolism events. RESULTS: Preoperative and intraoperative data were similar between the two groups. The mean total blood loss was 620 mL in the topical tranexamic acid group and 1094 mL in the control group with significant differences (p = 0.001), which meant 43% reduction in total blood loss. The hemoglobin and hematocrit postoperative value was significantly higher in the topical tranexamic acid group than in the control group (p = 0.002). Transfusion rates were 0% in the topical tranexamic group and 4.3% in the control group. The length of stay was significantly lower in the topical tranexamic acid group (p = 0.01). There were no DVT or PE in any group. CONCLUSION: A single dose of 2-g TXA in 50 mL topical administration significantly reduces blood loss and improves postoperative blood chemistries in patients undergoing unilateral primary cemented TKA without tourniquet and drain compared to a control group, without increasing the risk of thromboembolic complications.

Plantar pressure improvement in moderate hallux valgus with modified chevron osteotomy: Clinical and radiographic outcomes.

BACKGROUND: Hallux valgus (HV) is widely treated by Chevron osteotomy (CO); however, a modified CO may improve patient outcomes and recovery. METHODS: A prospective study was designed to analyze plantar pressure measurements and clinical and radiographic outcomes of a modified CO for HV. Recruitment was between February 2016 and February 2017. INCLUSION CRITERIA: diagnosis of moderate HV; an indication for surgical correction due to discomfort, pain or difficulty with shoe wear; and age over 18 years. Clinical and radiographic outcomes were evaluated using the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) guidelines and a visual analog scale (VAS). RESULTS: Forty-four patients met inclusion criteria. After surgery, the highest percentage in mean pressure was in the first and fifth metatarsal heads. At 12 months' follow-up, the AOFAS score improved, but differences in VAS scale were only significant at baseline. CONCLUSIONS: Modified CO is a good option for people with HV, improving foot activity compared to preoperative levels while limiting the time needed for recovery.

Proton Conductivity through Polybenzimidazole Composite Membranes Containing Silica Nanofiber Mats.

The quest for sustainable and more efficient energy-converting devices has been the focus of researchers' efforts in the past decades. In this study, SiO2 nanofiber mats were fabricated through an electrospinning process and later functionalized using silane chemistry to introduce different polar groups -OH (neutral), -SO3H (acidic) and -NH2 (basic). The modified nanofiber mats were embedded in PBI to fabricate mixed matrix membranes. The incorporation of these nanofiber mats in the PBI matrix showed an improvement in the chemical and thermal stability of the composite membranes. Proton conduction measurements show that PBI composite membranes containing nanofiber mats with basic groups showed higher proton conductivities, reaching values as high as 4 mS·cm-1 at 200 °C.

Tailoring the Performance of Graphene Aerogels for Oil/Organic Solvent Separation by 1-Step Solvothermal Approach.

Ultra-light eco-friendly graphene oxide (GO)-based aerogels are reported by simple one-step solvothermal self-assembly. The effect of varying parameters such as C/O ratio of GO; reducing agent amount; temperature; and duration on the properties of the aerogels was studied. The structural and vibrational features and hydrophobic surface properties of the obtained aerogels were obtained by XRD; FTIR; XPS; Raman; SEM; and contact angle measurements. The effect of synthesis conditions on the engine oil and organic solvent absorption properties was assessed. The results indicated that the lower the C/O ratio of GO, the better the absorption properties, with the best performance for oil uptake reaching 86 g g-1. The obtained results indicate the approach based on ice-templating and the tailoring of oxygen content in GO make the resulting aerogels potential candidates for use in oil spill and organic solvent treatments.

Progressive Akin Osteotomy.

The most common complication associated to Akin osteotomy is the intraoperative fracture of the lateral cortex of the proximal phalanx. We present a progressive Akin osteotomy that preserves the lateral cortex of the proximal phalanx and allows to remove the exact wedge size to achieve the preoperative planned correction.

Ionic Liquid Composite Polybenzimidazol Membranes for High Temperature PEMFC Applications.

A series of proton exchange membranes based on polybenzimidazole (PBI) were prepared using the low cost ionic liquids (ILs) derived from 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium (BMIM) bearing different anions as conductive fillers in the polymeric matrix with the aim of enhancing the proton conductivity of PBI membranes. The composite membranes prepared by casting method (containing 5 wt. % of IL) exhibited good thermal, dimensional, mechanical, and oxidative stability for fuel cell applications. The effects of anion, temperature on the proton conductivity of phosphoric acid-doped membranes were systematically investigated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The PBI composite membranes containing 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium-derived ionic liquids exhibited high proton conductivity of 0.098 S·cm-1 at 120 °C when tetrafluoroborate anion was present in the polymeric matrix. This conductivity enhancement might be attributed to the formed hydrogen-bond networks between the IL molecules and the phosphoric acid molecules distributed along the polymeric matrix.

Femoroacetabular impingement: prospective study of rate and factors related for nerve injury after hip arthroscopy.

Prospective, longitudinal, descriptive study was conducted from January 2016 to January 2018 to detect nerve dysfunction after hip arthroscopy. A total of 110 patients were included. Twenty-four hours after surgery, 62.7% reported symptoms of abnormal sensation at least in one area. The most common was the perineal area. Three weeks after hip arthroscopy, 42.6% still experienced abnormal sensation. Six months after hip arthroscopy, only one patient remained with symptoms. Nerve dysfunction after HA was more common than has been reported in the literature within large populations. Traction time was a significant factor for the development of perineal nerve dysfunction.

The Effect of Solvothermal Conditions on the Properties of Three-Dimensional N-Doped Graphene Aerogels.

Low-density three-dimensional (3D) N-doped graphene aerogels by a one-step solvothermal method in the presence of ethylenediamine (EDA) are reported. The gelation, formation, and properties of the aerogels were studied with solvothermal conditions, namely, operating temperature, time, graphene oxide (GO) concentration, and the GO/EDA w/w ratio. Two ranges of solvothermal conditions are employed: one involving an operating temperature below 100 °C and a conventional chemical reduction of GO with EDA at atmospheric pressure and a second one employing a higher temperature range up to 165 and a high pressure reduction with EDA. The results show that both solvothermal approaches allow for the fabrication of homogeneous N-doped 3D graphene aerogels with density values close to 10 mg cm-3. The measurements indicated that low values of GO concentration, temperature, and EDA are optimum for obtaining low-density 3D aerogels. N doping is improved with an EDA amount in lower temperature conditions. The N doping mechanism below 100 °C is dominated by the epoxy ring opening while at temperatures up to 165 °C both epoxy ring opening and amidation take place. The CO2 adsorption properties are strongly controlled by the nitrogen configuration, namely, pyridinic nitrogen in terms of its density.